Energy Balance and Blood Metabolites Status of Local Sheep Based on Indigofera sp and Sproutbean Waste Ration

dewiapriastuti86@gmail.com This research was undertaken to evaluate energy utilization and blood metabolites status of male Indonesian local sheep involving nutrient balances and using urea space techniques for measurement body composition. Factorial randomized completely design was used in this study using 16 growing male local sheep. Factor A was breed which consisted of 8 Garut sheep (av.BW 14.90 kg) and 8 Jonggol sheep (av.BW 13.60 kg). Factor B was different ration which received of diet containing Indigofera sp. and sproutbean waste. The ration offered were pellets containing CP around 16% and energy 15.6 MJ GE/kg. Energy balance and blood metabolites studies were conducted during three-months trial. Intake, digestibility, urinary and metabolism variables were measured based on total collection method. Methane energy was measured by rusitec technique and methane gas production multiplied by calory equivalent value of methane. Energy retention (RE) was measured by urea space technique. Heat production was calculated from ME-RE. Plasma glucose, cholesterol and urea-N were measured by using spectrophotometry. Results showed that there were signi icant differences of energy intakes, digestibilities and metabolism among the rations. Animals fed with sproutbean waste ration has higher energy utilization compared to those fed Indigofera sp ration. There were no signi icant different for all blood metabolite variables among breed and its interaction between combination treatments. It is concluded that sproutbean waste in local sheep ration has higher energy utilization and daily gain than Indigofera sp. ABSTRACT

Sheep production plays an important role within farming systems in the humid tropics of the developing countries as an income-generating activity and animal protein production.Problem with sheep production in tropical developing countries is limited by feed quality and unbalance of energy utilization caused by low quality of forages due to high temperature and humidity of environment.Lack of nutrient intake of ewes reared under the Tropical Rain Forest area caused high deadly birth rate and pregnant ewes (Astuti et al. 2009).High iber ration for growing sheep under the traditional feeding system with high temperature environment will produce high heat production.One of tropical legumes which have 27% CP content and leaves production around 4 tons DM/ha is Indigofera sp.(Abdullah 2010).On the other hand, on traditional market waste such as sproutbean waste is one of feedstuff which have 13.65% CP and 65% TDN (Rahayu et al. 2011).Garut and local sheep (from crossing Jonggol ewes are indigenous crossbred of Indonesian thin tail sheep which are small in body size but well known for their proli icacy.Garut sheep is come from local area at district of southern part of West while Jonggol sheep is come from local area at district of nothern part of West Java, Indonesia.They have potential to produce carcass until 40% -45% with low fat quality through good management feeding practices (Herman 2002; Wiryawan et al. 2009).
There is a paucity of information on energy utilization of sheep in the humid tropics feeding management system, especially on global warming situation.Hence in vivo studies that address to evaluate energy utilization and blood metabolites status on growing Indonesia local sheep based on local resources feedstuff would be best done to support animal's survival and production performance.The objective of the study was to measure energy balance of two kinds local breed (Garut and Jonggol sheep) fed with two kinds of rations (Indigofera sp. and sproutbean waste) involving total collection, RUSITEC and urea space technique.

PENDAHULUAN
measured at the end of this experiment using metabolic cages.Blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein to directly measure of blood metabolites concentrations such as glucose, cholesterol and urea-N by using general procedure of KIT diagnosis, a week before total collection.Urea space measurement with modi ication (Rule et al. 1986) were used to calculate percentage of total body protein and fat.Animal were weighing once a month and the ADG was used to calculate total body protein and fat.Total energy retention (RE) was calculated from total body protein and fat using the heat of combustion values 23.85 and 38.50 kJ/g of body protein and fat, respectively.Methane production (ml/h/d) from the RUSITEC tehnique was used to calculate energy loss from ruminal methane production.Urinary energy loss (UE) as urinary-N times 34 kJ/g N. Energy expenditure or heat production was calculated as the difference between ME and RE.
A Completely Randomized Design with factorial 2x2 and four replications was adopted.Factor A was two breeds (Garut and Jonggol sheep) while factor B was two rations (30% of Indigofera sp. and 30% of bean sprout waste, in the ration).The signi icance of difference between means was compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (Steel and Torrie 1986).
Eight Garut and eight Jonggol male sheep with av.BW 14 ± 0.6 kg were used for three months.The animals were randomly allotted into two rations with contained 30% of Indigofera sp and 30% of sproutbean waste.The rations offered were pellets containing CP 16% and gross energy 15.6 MJ GE/kg.A one-month feed adaptation period for the growing sheep was allowed and followed by daily intakes and DM evaluation, before energy balance were   2. Data of energy intakes, digestibility, methane production, ME, expenditure and retained in sheep fed sparoutbean waste ration showed signi icantly higher than those fed Indigofera sp.(p<0.05), and there was no interaction between treatments.Average DE and ME were around 70% and 60%, respectively.The fact all RE values were positive, it means that those animals were grew well without any negative energy balance in all treatments.The highest RE value was found in sheep fed sproutbean waste ration.This data was lower than with RE value (1.31 MJ/d) in growing local goat fed ad libitum of concentrate as reported by Astuti et al. (2000).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
There were no signi icant differences of body water and protein and its interaction between different local